English class work two Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Lecture Notes For Never Events Required of The CMS Reimbursement Rules

Questions: 1. Helen Thomson who is additionally an attendant, and talk about the significance of their job as backer for improving medicinal services conveyance. What explicit bill(s) have they supported or bolstered that has/have impacted medicinal services? 2. Talk about how the CMS repayment rules for never occasions required a move in the patient consideration conveyance model in inpatient offices. Answers: 1. Helen Thomson, RN who is a medical caretaker by calling fills in as a delegate in the California State Assembly. The connection between a medical attendant and governmental issues glances unclear however truly, attendants are equipped for speaking to the whole medicinal services segment in the United States of America. The enactment passes numerous laws, which influence the everyday daily practice, and practices of a medical attendant, which may influence the nursing practice and the whole medicinal services area contrarily if its not considered according to a perspective of an individual serving the business. Helen Thomson expresses that medical caretakers have different initiative characteristics, which are not normally perceived, this quality makes them a decent contender for different open office. Medical attendants have a ton of involvement with working under major circumstances; have magnificent relational abilities and involvement with working with families, which makes the m entirely appropriate for governmental issues (Ressler Glazer, 2010). Helen Thomson was enrolled as a medical attendant in the United States of America in 1961 and was chosen as an agent in the enactment in the year 1996. After her portrayal in the enactment, she has endeavored to revise enactments on working state of the medical attendants and to widen the medicinal services part with respect to nursing care. Helen has likewise spurred nurture everywhere throughout the United States of America to approach and talk pretty much all the issues the nursing framework in the United States of America faces. Helen Thomson presented a Bill in the enactment to permit benefits to for attendants in Pennsylvania alongside this Helen Thomson is dealing with a bill which will present the informant assurance though medical caretakers and wellbeing couldn't care less experts in the United States of America (Aiken et al., 2010). Helen Thomsons exertion acquired an insurgency the working states of t he nursing administrations in the United States of America. The said bill is sitting tight for its last endorsement under the watchful eye of it turns into a law. After the presenting of the said law, Helen Thomsons work will most likely be without a doubt be useful in improving the working states of the medical attendants in United States of America. 2. Never occasions are serious and preventable patient wellbeing circumstances that can be kept from event if the accessible preventable consideration and measures are actualized. Never occasions incorporate wrong side medical procedure, illegitimate after consideration administrations, and so on. The Nurses working in the United States of America have a significant task to carry out to forestall the never occasions. Social insurance communities and medical clinics increment the quantity of attendants, which consequently improves the nature of human services and decreases the occurrences of never occasions. Nonetheless, the term never occasions is an extremely negative term which influences a patient and the medicinal services experts physiologically (Castle Ferguson, 2010). Hence, the said term never occasions should be changed to make it generally occasions, which will make the negative term sound positive and cheerful. This strategy can be executed by various endeavors like exposu re of symptoms and straightforwardness arrangements with patient and families, ensured after consideration offices, drug mistake decrease procedures and obligatory readback for high-ready prescription. The presentation of these arrangements in enactment in the United States of America will pull in a positive long haul approach in the part of human services and patient security, which can be passed to the up and coming age of social insurance experts. Subsequently the Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) recommends to embrace a consistently occasions approach and let go of the never occasion approach in the social insurance segment in United States of America (Kuo et al., 2013). Reference List Aiken, L. H., Sloane, D. M., Cimiotti, J. P., Clarke, S. P., Flynn, L., Seago, J. A., ... Smith, H. L. (2010). Ramifications of the California nurture staffing command for other states.Health administrations research,45(4), 904-921. Manor, N. G., Ferguson, J. C. (2010). What is nursing home quality and how is it measured?.The Gerontologist,50(4), 426-442. Kuo, Y. F., Loresto, F. L., Rounds, L. R., Goodwin, J. S. (2013). States with the least prohibitive guidelines encountered the biggest increment in patients seen by nurture practitioners.Health Affairs,32(7), 1236-1243. Ressler, P., Glazer, G. (2010). Administrative: Nursings commitment in wellbeing approach and medicinal services through social media.OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing,16(1), 1-5.

Understanding the Causes of Social Anxiety Disorder

Understanding the Causes of Social Anxiety Disorder Social Anxiety Disorder Print Understanding the Causes of Social Anxiety Disorder By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on February 24, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on June 24, 2019 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children In This Article Table of Contents Expand Genetic Environmental Societal Brain Structure/Biological View All If you have been diagnosed with  social anxiety disorder (SAD), you may wonder what caused you to develop the illness. Rather than there being a single causative factor, it is likely a complex interplay of variables that result in the disorder. Illustration by Brianna Gilmartin, Verywell Genetic If you are diagnosed with SAD, you probably have specific genes that made you more prone to developing the disorder. If you have a first degree relative with SAD, you may also be 2 to 6 times more likely to develop the disorder.?? The genetic component of social anxiety disorder is also known as the “heritability” of the disorder. Although heritability rates can vary a great deal in studies, it has been estimated at around 30 to 40 percent, meaning that roughly one-third of the underlying causes of SAD comes from your genetics. Heritability is the proportion of variation in a phenotype (trait, characteristic, or physical feature) that is thought to be caused by genetic variation among individuals. The remaining variation is usually attributed to environmental factors. Studies of heritability typically estimate the proportional contribution of genetic and environmental factors to a particular trait or feature. So far, researchers have not found a particular genetic makeup linked to SAD. They have, however, found specific chromosomes linked to other anxiety disorders such as agoraphobia and  panic disorder.?? Environmental The psychosocial causes of social anxiety disorder (SAD) include factors in the environment that influence you as you grow up. If one of your parents has social anxiety disorder (SAD), then you are more likely to develop the disorder yourself.?? Psychologists have developed theories about how children may become socially anxious through learning. Ways Children Learn Social Anxiety Direct Conditioning: Did you forget your lines in the class play? Did other kids make fun of you or were you the victim of constant teasing or bullying? While it is not a necessary trigger, going through an early traumatic event may have an impact on the development of social anxiety, sometimes years later.Observational Learning: If you did not experience a traumatic event yourself, did you see someone else in a traumatic social situation? For those already vulnerable to the disorder, this may have the same impact as going through the situation firsthand.Information Transfer: Fearful and socially anxious parents unknowingly transfer verbal and non-verbal information to their children about the dangers of social situations. If your mother worries a lot about what other people think of her, chances are you have developed some of this same anxiety yourself. Your upbringing can also impact the likelihood that you will develop SAD. You are more likely to develop the disorder if: As a child, you were not exposed to enough social situations and were not allowed to develop appropriate social skills.?One or both of your parents was rejecting, controlling, critical, or overprotective. Children that do not form a proper attachment to their primary caregiver are at greater risk because they cant calm and soothe themselves when in stressful situations. Behavioral Inhibition in Childhood   Do you know a toddler or young child who always becomes extremely upset when confronted with a new situation or unfamiliar person? When faced with these types of situations does the child cry, withdraw,  or seek the comfort of a parent? This type of behavior in toddlers and young children is known as behavioral inhibition. Children who show behavioral inhibition as a toddler are at greater risk for developing SAD later in life.?? Because this temperament shows up at such a young age, it is likely an inborn characteristic and the result of biological factors. If you are concerned that your child is excessively withdrawn or fearful in new situations, it may be helpful to discuss your worries with a professional. Since we know that behaviorally inhibited toddlers are more likely to become socially anxious children and socially phobic adults, any kind of early intervention may help prevent more serious problems later in life. Societal Societal factors that can influence the development of social anxiety include growing up in a culture with a strong collectivistic orientation, such as Japan or Korea. The syndrome taijin kyofusho in these cultures involves a fear of making other people uncomfortable and reflects a culture in which concern for how you fit as part of the larger group is emphasized.?? What Is Taijin Kyofusho? Brain Structure/Biological Just as x-rays are used to “see inside” your body, the same can be done for your brain. Medical researchers use a technique called “neuroimaging” to create a picture of the brain. Newer techniques can look not only at brain structure but at types of functions in specific regions of the brain. For mental disorders, researchers may look differences in blood flow in specific areas of the brain for people who are known to have a particular disorder. We know that four areas of the brain are involved when you experience anxiety. Brain Areas Involved in Anxiety The  brain stem  (controls your heart rate and breathing)The limbic system (effects your mood and anxiety level)The prefrontal cortex (helps you to appraise risk and danger)The motor cortex (controls your muscles) A study of blood flow in the brain published in 2001 found differences in the brains of social phobics when speaking in public. For this study, they used a type of neuroimaging called “Positron Emission Tomography” (PET).?? The PET images showed that people with social anxiety disorder had increased blood flow in their amygdala, a part of the limbic system associated with fear. In contrast, the PET images of people without SAD showed increased blood flow to the cerebral cortex, an area associated with thinking and evaluation. It seems that or people with social anxiety disorder, the brain reacts to social situations differently than people without the disorder. Neurotransmitters If you have social anxiety disorder, there are likely imbalances of certain chemicals in your brain, known as neurotransmitters. These neurotransmitters are used by your brain to send signals from one cell to another. Neurotransmitters Involved in Anxiety NorepinephrineSerotoninDopamineGamma-aminobutyric acid  (GABA) People with social anxiety disorder have been shown to have some of the same imbalances of these neurotransmitters as people with agoraphobia and panic disorder.?? Understanding how these brain chemicals relate to social anxiety disorder is important to determine the best medications for treatment. A Word From Verywell There is no single cause of SAD. In most people, the disorder is the result of a combination of factors. When receiving a diagnosis or treatment for social anxiety disorder, your doctor or mental health professional should discuss with you possible contributing factors to your social anxiety. Best Treatments for Social Anxiety Disorder

The Theory Of Human Resource Management - 2171 Words

In the age of Globalization, the Human Resources Professional must remain relevant by adopting the commitment to life-long learning to in order to keep the organization vehement. Throughout known history, human resource professionals have played a key role at almost every level. In the ancient world, much like today, military commanders needed to know who in their ranks where capable of accomplishing what tasks. Soldiers fought on the frontlines, clerks maintained records of victories, and everyone collected supplies along the way. As conquerors took new lands, their armies grew and needed administrative support. The conqueror needed the ability to keep track of his strength, enlist new soldiers, and hire new commanders (History of Human Resources Management, 2016). Enter the Human Resources Professional who managed pay and tracked the number of soldiers available for a campaign. Without these two critical tasks, commanders would face mutiny and ultimately defeat on the battl efield. Some of the earliest challenges to the HR professionals’ relevancy dates back to the period of early Islamic expansionism. Administrative papyri documents dating as far back as the 7th century AD were found along the current north eastern Egyptian border (Legendre, 2015). This is also one of the earliest recorded challenges to the HR professional as all of these administrative documents were transcribed in three languages. Coptic was the most common language of the region and was usedShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Human Resource Management2090 Words   |  9 Pagespractitioner Firstly, I would like to define the concept of Human Resource Management. â€Å"This term is not easy to define because it is commonly used in two different ways. On the one hand it is used generically to describe the body of management activities covered in book, and on the other hand, the term is equally widely used to denote a particular approach to the management of people which is clearly distinct from personnel management†. (Torrington, Hall, Taylor Atkinson, 2011: p.6) In our firstRead MoreThe Human Resources School Of Management Theory1288 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom the Human resources school of management theory. This paper will discuss the following scenario and talk about how I would apply my chosen management style to it: I am the director of Tri-County Home Health Agency and, because of financial reasons; I am to implement some lay-offs within the organization. I need to decide which jobs will have to be eliminated, who will help in my decision-making process, and what methods I will use to notify employees about my decisions. Human Resources SchoolRead MoreThe Theory Of Human Resource Management Practices768 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction It’s been found that human resource management practices which enable or motivate individual efforts may have trivial or even negative effects on collective efforts and vice versa (Zhao, 2009). The man who’s lower-level needs are satisfied is not motivated to satisfy those needs any longer. For practical purposes they exist no longer (Ott, 2008). Then how do managers motivate and, more importantly, how do managers know when to pull back from historical motivational techniques toRead MoreTransmitting System Theory to Human Resource Management3170 Words   |  13 PagesEssay on Transmitting social system theory to human resource management Human resource management can be considered as the most complex field of an organisation. Assuming that this statement is true one could raise the question why human resource management is more diverse than the other fields in an organisation as finance or sales. The answer will be always the same. It is because of the individual, playing a major role within everyday’s HR work environment. This essay discusses whatRead MoreHuman Resource Management, an Academic Theory and Business Practice1381 Words   |  6 PagesRockwell Drive, Rockwell Center, Makati City http://apslibrary.ateneo.edu Information Resources Guide on HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 2005 - 2008 Human Resource Management (HRM) - is both an academic theory and a business practice. It is based on the notion that employees are ï ¬ rstly human, and secondly should NOT be treated as a basic business resource. HRM is also seen as an understanding of the human aspect of a company and its strategic importance. 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The source of information for the above topic will be books that are published by different scholars. The research will be concluded with an assertion of how the two management theories of classical and human resources affect the management of different organizations. Key words: management theories, human resources. IntroductionRead MoreRationality of Organizations and Management Theories Essay1741 Words   |  7 Pages-most rational- things. This essay will illustrate the rationality of organization by looking at the management theories used by the organization. To do this, first of all definition of organization and the importance of management theories to organization will be given. After that, three types of management will be discussed, which are traditional model, human relations model and human resources model. Finally the essay will end with a conclusion. What is Organization? Clear explanation of organizationRead MoreThe Analysis Of The Equitable Employee Relations Since The Year 19681542 Words   |  7 Pagesanalysis of the human resource management in both settings of the 1968 period and that of the modern times of the era of businesses and corporate organizations. As such, the research will involve development and analysis of the evolution the human resource management has undergone over the years and how these theories link up and effect the current state of the equitable employee relations in the modern organizational setting. Development of the Human Resource Management Theories In analyzing theRead MoreEssay on Human Resource Management1057 Words   |  5 PagesHuman resource management (HRM) is the strategic and coherent approach to the management of an organizations most valued assets - the people working there who individually and collectively contribute to the achievement of the objectives of the business.[1] The terms human resource management and human resources (HR) have largely replaced the term personnel management as a description of the processes involved in managing people in organizations.[1] Human Resource management is evolving rapidly

The Pros And Cons Of Shootings - 715 Words

In the streets of Atlanta where most shootings happen a young gentleman was walking and had a conversation with this young man they told him that his job is not paying him enough and should come and sell drug to get more money the young man told them to give him time to think about it. Later on that night as he was thinking more and more about he came to a decision to start selling dope. He planned to go to them early in the morning to tell them his decision. So he did that they were glad he was joining and had his package ready and set for him. They told him the amount of what he was carrying and where he need to bring and how much it was worth they also had given him some money and a car to use as a transportation. So they also gave him†¦show more content†¦So he said okay and went to the bathroom and remember where he remember her from and why they have the same last name it was his sister and haven’t seen her for 10 years because she got taken by social service a nd now working at a gas station. He told her that he was her brother and she was surprised and started crying and sobbing so did he they started taking and what he was doing. He told her that he was a gang member and had some money for her to come move to Atlanta with him. She thought and asked him how much money you have he said I have 1.5 million in the car I drove here. She was surprised and said okay and they left. They start to chat and have a couple of small talk conversation and half of the way she was asleep. They got to Atlanta and went to his gang and gave them the money and where surprised he pulled it off with the whole package across the country. He was really happy because he got 450k for that job which gave him a lot of money to take care of his sister. As he was going to his sister another gang member from a different gang saw what he had and robbed him and shot him 3 times. The police got there and found he was dead and called his sister to come verify the body. Sh e came and crying her eyes like her eyes were about fall out. She remember when she was working at a gas station now she gotShow MoreRelatedThe Pros And Cons Of Shootings1382 Words   |  6 PagesBoom boom boom, noises of gun fire as Dylan and Ismael hide waiting for gunshots to stop so they can return the shots. The masked man keeps on firing with his sterling silver A.R. 15 with an drum clip on the bottom holding 100 armor piercing bullets, the way the man was strapped it seemed certain death for the two juveniles. Back to 2 weeks ago, It was october 24. A week from halloween, The cold October breeze as 2 men walked to the local weed dealer’s house they hit the block where the man residesRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Mass Shootings772 Words   |  4 PagesOctober, there have been 350 mass shootings in the United States in 2017 alone. With data from the Mass shooter tracker, it shows that from 2013-2017 2,592 people were killed and another 7,305 people were left wounded. The federal Bureau of investigators defines a mass shooting as â€Å"the murdering of four or more people with no ‘cooling off’ period between murders.† Mass shootings are at the center of most debates when it comes to cum control laws. A mass shooting can take place anywhere from an airportRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Mass Shootings1462 Words   |  6 Pagesmany people are kneeling now that it would ruin their business to fire all of them. This article talks about the tragic shooting in Las Vegas. It discusses the rise in mass shootings and how they are getting deadlier. 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The possession of large-capacity magazines should be outlawed along with the required back groundRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Gun Control in the United States Essay1306 Words   |  6 PagesGun control is a growing issue as of late, due to recent events such as school shootings as well as crimes which are committed daily due to gun violence the issue has been more controversial than ever before. IT is true that by owing a gun you can feel a sense of self- empowerment as it can allow you to protect yourself as well as your loved ones. However, owing a gun is a double edge sword in today’s world. The reason is that with the sudden increase in gun violence more people have beganbegun toRead MoreSpeech On The Game Of Basketball1118 Words   |  5 Pagesmost of you have shot a basketball in your lifetime, but I’m sure few of you are aware of the basic mechanics to shooting a basketball. Today, I’ll show the basics of shooting. IV. Preview of Main Points: The sport of basketball has a rich tradition. First I will talk about the history of the game, then I will teach you how to shoot a basketball, and finally I will discuss the pros and cons about playing basketball V. Transition Statement: My first topic I am going to discuss is the history of theRead MoreSchool Shootings Are Becoming More And More Prevalent924 Words   |  4 PagesSchool shootings are defined as being a mass shooting which involves a gun attack on an educational institution. The first known shooting in the United States happened during the 1700s. Four Lenape American Indians entered a schoolhouse near present-day Greencastle, Pennsylvania. The schoolmaster, Enoch Brown, was shot and killed along with several other children in which only two survived. 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There have been many questions brought up by both sides of the issue; there are many pros and cons on the issue that will go into effect with the campus carry bill. Twenty States in the Unites States have prohibited the law for carrying concealed guns on campus, but many othersRead MoreVideo Game : Video Games1658 Words   |  7 Pagestheir lives, makes children more likely to commit the crimes they see in the games. In more than three school shootings that have occurred, the shooter has participated in violent video games (Anderson 353). One student even tried to recreate a game that he commonly played, which was called Doom (Anderson 353). â€Å"Vio lent video games have been listed as a behavior associated with school shootings by the FBI in 2000†¦Ã¢â‚¬  which shows that violent video games are igniting these crimes (â€Å"Video Games and Gun Violence†)

Self Directed Work Team Free Essays

A Briefing on Self Directed Work Team ( SDWT ) by Group 5 Self Directed Work Team is a powerful construct since the ancient Roman host and today about 68 % of fortune 1000 companies implement SDWT construct including Ford, GM, P A ; G, FedEx, etc. ( Lawler, Mohrman, A ; Ledford,1995 ) . Definition Vecchio ( 2003, p. We will write a custom essay sample on Self Directed Work Team or any similar topic only for you Order Now 107 ) defined Self Directed Work Teams ( SDWT ) as â€Å"a extremely trained group of six to eighteen employees that is to the full responsible for making a specific product† . And harmonizing to an article in Entrepreneur Connect ( Anon, 1995 ) â€Å"self -directed squads are little groups of employees who have duty for pull offing themselves and their work† . Success in today ‘s disputing competitory environment is based on employee authorization and squad work ( Boyett A ; Boyett, 1998 ) . This could be closely related to Herzberg ‘s motivation factor which was later merely defined by Barbara ( n.d. ) as â€Å"what makes you work well† . Many companies are attracted to this invention because of the chance of flattening the organisational construction in these times when retrenchment, flattening and work procedure reengineering are so important ( Coates and Miller, 1995 ) . SDWT leads to increased organisational effectivity and employee satisfaction ( Forsyth, 1999 ) which in today ‘s concern is being the competitory advantage ( Ron Williams, n.d ) . Advantages of SDWT General Motors, Proctor A ; Gamble A ; Xerox by implementing SDWT resulted in about 30-40 % betterment in productiveness ( Bruce, n.d. ) . In Kodak client aid Centre SDWT resulted in 100 % addition in net incomes ( Anon, n.d. ) .FedEx improved their service by cut downing the loss of bundles and wrong charge by 13 % . Rubbermaid increased gross revenues by 50 % above projections Quality betterment. Increased productiveness and reduced cost. Highly flexible. Simpler occupation categorization and each member know every procedure through occupation rotary motion which will cut down dependence one individual. Better invention and creativeness. Team members are motivated by occupation satisfaction, authorization, trust, feel of ownership A ; personal growing which in bend benefit the company as a whole. SDWT is being a vehicle for conveying in the Total Quality Management construct in an organisation ( Vecchio,2006, p.112 ) Following statistics based on a reappraisal of organisation that transferred to SDWT ( John Cotter, n.d. ) good prove the positive impact. 93 % reported improve productiveness86 % reported reduced operating cost86 % reported improved quality70 % reported better employee attitudes Given the above advantages and success narratives there are effects and jobs in disputing the success of SDWT and even driving to the opposite way to failure. Consequences of SDWT Elimination of supervisory place.The demand for displacement from keeping the determination doing power to deputation and leting liberty. In other words supervisor should move as a facilitator and supply counsel to teams particularly outside the squads ‘ countries of expertness. Supervisors should pull off communicating and supervise the effectivity. Leaderships promote squad work and corporation ( Brillhart, 1983 ) . The key in supervisory function is to actuate â€Å"Self-Direction† . In an interview with Sterling Health USA, employees frequently quoted that â€Å"Before, the group leader made all the determinations. You did n’t cognize why the determinations were made†¦ now we do† ( Peter, 1999 ) . But is the squad leader ready to accept the passage from keeping the power to deputation? Is S/He ready to better the accomplishments to measure up as a facilitator? Requirement for heavy investing in preparation. Training needed for both supervisors and squad members in constructing assorted accomplishments. Cloke and Goldsmith ( 2002, pp 205-214 ) identified 10 accomplishments those are indispensable for members of the work squads to develop self direction, communicating, leading, duty, back uping diverseness, feedback and rating, strategic planning, determining successful meeting, deciding struggles and enjoyment. Williams ( n.d. ) mentioned â€Å"It is non uncommon for autonomous work squads to pass 20 % of their clip in ongoing training† . Organization willing to implement SDWT should hold a clear preparation scheme including cross preparation chance and resources. Top direction should plan the preparation policy and budget for it. Need for more flatter and flexible organisational construction.The determination doing authorization is transformed to the squad members to extinguish waste of clip trusting on blessings from directors. Autonomy, liberty, authorization are the cardinal participants in success of SDWT which is facilitated merely on level constructions. Duties assigned to workers in GM clearly indicate the demand for level construction. ( William,1999, p.11 ) Duty for quality control. Duty for care and little fixs. Duty for safety. Duty for capital budgeting and operational budgeting. Duty for staffing. SDWT to get down executing takes long period.As per William ( 1999 ) SDWTs can non be created immediately ; it can take 2 to 5 old ages to to the full implement. Some companies might non hold the clip or resources to travel through this procedure Phases of organizing SDWT: Phase one: ( Start-Up ) Goal readying, account of intent, member choice and edifice trust ( 6-9months ) . Phase two: ( State of confusion ) Technical aid, feedback, implementing processs to back up self way, and preparation. ( 6-9months ) . Phase three: ( Leader – centered squad ) Promoting leading activity among team members. ( 6-12months ) . Phase four: ( Tightly formed squads ) Deciding struggles, start pull offing on ain, pass oning resource demand and ends. ( 6-12months ) . Phase five: ( Self way ) Maintain ego assurance and ego regard of others. Strong partnership with internal and external clients. Consequently, if you look at the clip and preparation involved in SDWT ‘s it might non be suited for an environment with a high employee turnover. Need for greater leading development.As the organisation would no longer map in a traditional mode the leaders or directors need to construct their ability to let and promote such a high degree of authorization, which can be tackled with specially created plans ( Coates and Miller, 1995 ) . Problems of SDWT Team members approached the impregnation point of larning through occupation rotary motion and would hold achieved the maximal degree of gaining i.e. works rate where no more room for psychological or fiscal encouragements ( Vecchio, 2006, p.113 ) . Again while speaking approximately wage as a incentive does it truly matter? Can honor and acknowledgment be the incentive to guarantee go oning public presentation of the employees ( Vecchio, 2006, p.84 ) . Besides the public presentation measuring system should non make any competition within squad members which will cut down co-operation and impact the success of SDWT. Another major challenge is acquiring people to stay committed to the betterment of the procedures when they realize that they may be working themselves out of a occupation. The employees involved in autonomous work squads must hold a great trade of trust so that employees are non concerned about their occupation security ( Anon, 1995 ) . Conflict direction would be another critical and sensitive issue. Again each squad member has different personalities and perceptual experiences. Here comes the importance of needed accomplishments from facilitator. A civilization of cognition sharing has to be built in. Another inquiry is that, are employees ready to be self directed? Whether they have capacity and accomplishments? Of class proper preparation would be in topographic point but still some employees prefer director ‘s way on what to make instead than make up one’s minding on their ain. Here comes the demand for choosing appropriate squad members which is once more depending on the endowment of facilitator. Is the organisation policies and civilization is supportive in reassigning power and authorization to team members? Other jobs would be marks of certitude which lead to members willing to take excess ordinary hazard, members disregarding the ethical effects, corporate rationalisation and underestimating capablenesss of other groups which may take to failure and fiscal losingss. ( Craig, 2005, p.219 ) Given the fact authorization is a cardinal to win in SDWT ; will all the directors support this? Foegen ( 1999 ) stated on the loss of control: â€Å" If one person makes all the determinations in a given section, for illustration, his or her control is across-the-board. Focus is obvious and univocal. But when authorization is delegated, that focal point becomes blurred, determination devising is diffused, and duty ‘s venue is frequently less certain. † He besides stated deputation and authorization can diminish the self image of the directors. The other booby traps of authorization would be deficiency of lucidity, direction ‘s position as shared control / loss of control etc. Finally it would necessitate legion alterations in procedures and processs and necessitate a batch more clip to do SDWT ‘s successful in a nonionized section. Decision Before a company can make up one’s mind to implement ego directed work squads, Coates and Miller ( 1995 ) point out certain state of affairss or occupation Fieldss in which this method may non work. These include: When there is a demand for way or supervising. This is frequently needed for occupations which may be unpleasant, backbreaking, fast paced or hazardous. When minimum squad interaction is required. In occupations such as these employees may happen it hard to take each other. When a deficiency of professional adulthood exists among team members. An involuntariness to do the attempt exists. The inability to run into on a regular basis as a squad. Work groups with any of these five features would happen it hard to work efficaciously and may hold to fall back to the traditional method of direction. Statisticss shows that authorization has about a 50 % success rate and it is found that major ground for this is deficiency of direction committedness to the alteration procedure. One of the companies failed by utilizing SDWT is The Airline people ‘s Express. ( Fisher, 2000, p.26 ) . Mention: Anon. ( 1995 )Taking the Mystery Out of Self -Directed Work Teams,Entrepreneur Connect[ Online ] . Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/17227174.html ( Accessed: 21 August 2009 ) . Anon ( n.d. )Teams, the good, the bad and the ugly[ Online ] Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //faculty.css.edu/dswenson/web/T A ; DlearnCo/gains-lossesofteams.html ( Accessed: 22 August 2009 ) Boyett, J. A ; Boyett, J. ( 1998 )The guru usher: The best of the top direction minds. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Brillhart, J. ( 1983 )Effective group treatment.fifth erectile dysfunction. Dubuque, Iowa: William Brown Co. Bruce K.Bernard ( n.d )Fixing for Autonomous Work Teams[ Online ] Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //209.85.229.132/search? q=cache: rEhTVduzfRMJ: www.ux1.eiu.edu/~bkbarnard/preparing2.ppt+self+directed+work+teams+ppt A ; cd=7 A ; hl=en A ; ct=clnk A ; gl=ae ( Accessed: 21 August 2009 ) . Cloke, K and Goldsmith, J ( 2002 )The End of Management and the Rise of Organizational Democracy. Questia Online Library [ Online ] Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.questia.com/read/111621737? title=The % 20End % 20of % 20Management % 20and % 20the % 20Rise % 20of % 20Organizational % 20Democracy ( Accessed: 21 August 2009 ) . Coates, D. A ; Miller, M. ( 1995 ) ‘Self Directed Teams: Lessons Learned for Local Government ‘ ,Public Management, 77 ( 12 ) , p. 16, Questia Online Library [ Online ] . Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.questia.com/read/5001654373? title=Self-Directed % 20Teams % 3a % 20Lessons % 20Learned % 20for % 20Local % 20Government ( Accessed: 21August 2009 ) . Craig E. Johnson. ( 2005 )Meeting the ethical challenges of leading.2nd erectile dysfunction. USA: Sage Publications Inc.Ed Rose A ; Steve Buckley. ( 1999 )Self Directed work Teams, A Trainer ‘s Role in the Passage.United statess: Intersil Coporation. Foegen, J.H. ( 1999 ) ‘Why non empowerment ‘ ,Business and Economic Review,Apr-Jun 1999 [ Online ] . Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa5313/is_199904/ai_n21437565/ ( Accessed: 22 August 2009 ) Forsyth, D. ( 1999 )Group kineticss.3rd erectile dysfunction. New York: Brooks/Cole-Wadsworth. Jeffrey Christopher Bauer ( 2002 )A Longitudinal Evaluation of The Impact of Organizational Structure on Role Ambiguity and Work Group Performance[ Online ] Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ucclermont.edu/~BAUERJ/JCBauerDissertationFinal.htm ( Accessed: 21 August 2009 ) . Kimball Fisher. ( 2000 ) .Leading Self Directed Work Teams, A Guide to Developing New Team Leadership Skils.United statess: McGraw-Hill. Peter B.Grazier ( 1999 )Populating with a ego directed work squad A ; why autonomy plant: A reappraisal of Herzberg ‘s Concepts[ Online ] Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.teambuildinginc.com/article_selfdirected.htm ( Accessed: 21 August 2009 ) . Robert P. Vecchio ( 2006 )Organizational Behavior, 6th erectile dysfunction. Mason, OH, USA: Thomson Corporation South-Western. Robert T.Howell ( 2001 )Fostering Autonomous Team Members[ Online ] Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.teambuildinginc.com/article_selfdirected.htm ( Accessed: 21August 2009 ) . Williams, R. ( n.d. )Autonomous Work Teams: A Competitive Advantage[ online ] Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.qualitydigest.com/nov95/html/self-dir.html ( Accessed: 20 August 2009 ) . How to cite Self Directed Work Team, Essay examples

Why Developed Countries Should Not Produce Nuclear Power

Introduction Nuclear power is often developed from the fission of nuclear elements to generate heat (Howtopowertheworld, 2010, p. 1). Over the years, developed countries have been at the forefront in the development of this source of energy, with current world statistics estimating that, there are about 31 countries which generate nuclear power.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Why Developed Countries Should Not Produce Nuclear Power specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Though nuclear power generation is slowly gaining prominence in the world, especially since the world is seeking more sources of green energy, nuclear energy is a unique source of energy because it bears unique characteristics which distinguish it from other sources of energy. For instance, nuclear energy has been identified to be a dangerous source of energy, especially if an accident happens (Howtopowertheworld, 2010, p. 1). This is the reas on why several countries are opposed to its use. For instance, developed countries such as Australia and Austria are firmly opposed to the development of nuclear energy (Breeze, 2005). The year 2011 saw the worst nuclear disaster in recent time, with radiation fears ripe, at Japan’s Fukushima plant, when the country was hit by a tsunami and earthquake, which affected the nuclear plant. In light of these concerns, several countries are slowly reviewing their nuclear power generation strategies. This study points out that, developed countries, which have been at the forefront in the generation of nuclear energy, should stop doing so, because the disadvantages of nuclear power generation greatly outweigh their advantages. This fact is supported by research studies suggesting that: nuclear energy has the potential of being used for terrorism; nuclear energy produces dangerous radioactive waste and nuclear energy is highly costly, and in case of a nuclear disaster, the consequence s may be very severe. Radioactivity Radioactivity is the major concern associated with nuclear power generation. In fact, in the recent Fukushima nuclear power generation disaster, residents were advised to vacate surrounding regions (around the nuclear power plant) to reduce the chances of being affected by radioactivity. The danger of radioactivity is severe because it may take tens of thousands of years to reduce radioactive rays to safe levels (Howtopowertheworld, 2010, p. 1). This fact means that, if a nuclear disaster ever happens, generations of human lives may live with its consequences and this will obviously have an adverse impact on humanity. The effects on humanity can therefore not be underestimated because studies have shown that, nuclear power radioactivity may have severe effects on the human’s reproductive system, and it also has the potential of causing burns, diarrhea, vomiting and other severe health effects. This is part of the problem associated with nuc lear power generation because with radioactivity, it may be very difficult to detect radioactive waves, even after several years (Furry Elephant, 2011). Though radioactive waves produced from nuclear power generation may not be directly absorbed through the human skin, it is highly likely that, human beings may ingest certain radioactive nucleus, in items such as foods, which are contaminated with the substance.Advertising Looking for research paper on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The manner in which radioactivity affects people are numerous and this is why most countries banned the important of food from Japan when it experienced its nuclear disaster. When these radioactive elements are ingested into the human system, it becomes very difficult to control them, let alone get rid of them, because they can possibly affect the human DNA, due to their high ability to ionize. This may therefore cause cancer, am ong other detrimental health effects, which also have the ability of causing death. Considering radioactivity has a high potential of affecting all aspects of life, it beats sense, tolerating activities which may possibly lead to the occurrence of such a disaster. If such a disaster strikes, humanity will possibly not be the same and from this understanding, it does not make sense for developed nations to expose humanity to such sort of fatal effects. Potential Terrorist Applications The immense power nuclear power generation has; makes it a prime tool of terrorism. Nuclear power generation can be used to create nuclear bombs, which are very lethal and can be used to wage terror on a given nation. For instance, there is enough evidence advanced by scientists to suggest that, nuclear power can be used to flatten an entire city, killing millions of people at a go (TMIA, 2011). Recent times have seen the US claim that, several countries across the globe, such as Iran and Iraq are makin g nuclear bombs, which may have an effect on world peace. Whether these allegations are true or not is not the subject of this study, but the situation exposes how nuclear power can be used to cause a lot of unrest, and possibly destabilize world peace. However, recent studies expose a more devastating threat to a country’s peace after it was affirmed that, an attack on a nuclear power plant by terrorists, is also another strategy to wage a nuclear war against a nation (TMIA, 2011). Obviously, the truth behind this assertion stems from the fact that, an attack on a nuclear power plant would amount to an emission of radioactive rays which would affect a nation’s population. This terrorist strategy is easier than assembling a nuclear bomb or having to deliver a nuclear bomb to a terrorist target. Moreover, this kind of attack is very deadly and its effects on human lives are unimaginable. From this analysis therefore, we see that, if developed nations continue producing nuclear energy and building more nuclear plants, they increase their vulnerability as a target of terrorism, and obviously exposing their citizens to the adverse effects of nuclear power generation. High Cost of Building Nuclear Facilities and the Small Possibility of Accidents The cost of building new nuclear power plants to generate electricity, or provide alternative sources of energy is staggering and out of reach for many countries.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Why Developed Countries Should Not Produce Nuclear Power specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More With a poorly performing world economy and with increased debt burdens for some major world economies such as America, it makes no sense for developed nations to continue developing nuclear power – channeling a lot of resources to such projects, while other sectors of the socioeconomic aspects of the economy such as health, education and such like factors remain underfunded. In the US, it is estimated that, the cost of power, generated from nuclear plants is triple that of the normal rates paid for electricity made from other alternative sources of energy such as hydroelectricity (Yanak, 2009, p. 1). It is further estimated that, the cost of paying for nuclear energy is ten times the cost of efficiency derived from such an energy cost. The high rates to be paid for nuclear energy obviously emanates from the high costs associated with nuclear power generation, and investors or governments need to pass this cost down to the consumers to recover such high costs. This kind of scenario only exposes citizens in developed nations to high costs of energy. When compared to other alternative energy production methods, nuclear energy stands out as the most expensive energy source ever invented by mankind. The production of nuclear energy therefore not only stands as a matter of critical economic importance, but also a matter of eth ical concern, considering a diversion of immense financial resources to energy production, amounts to a deprivation of other socioeconomic duties which governments in developed countries ought to provide. Conclusion Nuclear power generation in developed countries, though a good idea at face value, is marred with a lot of controversy regarding its safety and impact on human lives. Though its immense financial costs can be shouldered by several governments in developed countries, it should be understood that, there needs to be a cost-benefit analysis to quantify the cost and possible benefits that come from nuclear power generation. With several more important duties that governments have to perform, it is not ethical to divert a lot of state resources to produce nuclear energy, at the expense of other state priorities. Regardless of these concerns, nuclear energy has been turned to a political issue, with countries trading accusations and counter-accusations regarding the production of nuclear weapons, because it is known that, nuclear energy can be used to promote acts of terrorism, thereby destabilizing world peace.Advertising Looking for research paper on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The effect of a nuclear terror act is enormous and unimaginable. Radioactivity is also another reason why developed countries should stop producing nuclear energy since they expose their citizens to the risks of radioactivity if a nuclear accident happens. Collectively, the elements identified in this study expose sever negative effects of nuclear power generation and from the entire analysis, it is impossible for any government to exist if such calamities ever happen to their citizens. To protect citizens from such adverse effects, it is important for developed countries to stop nuclear power generation. References Breeze, P. (2005). Power Generation Technologies. New York: Newnes. Furry Elephant. (2011). Why Study Radioactivity? Web. Howtopowertheworld. (2010). Disadvantages of Nuclear Power. Web. TMIA. (2011). Nuclear Terrorism. Web. Yanak, J. (2009). The Staggering Cost of New Nuclear Power. Web. This research paper on Why Developed Countries Should Not Produce Nuclear Power was written and submitted by user Kourtney Hardin to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.